The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.